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GST invoice format for a lawyer or law firm

A lawyer's bill must first settle who pays the GST. When an individual advocate or a firm of advocates supplies legal services to a business entity, the business pays GST under reverse charge, so the advocate's invoice shows no tax and carries a reverse-charge note. Fees billed to individuals for personal matters are generally exempt. Each line should name the matter, court or forum, and the SAC (998211 criminal, 998212 other fields, 998215 arbitration), with court fees and stamp duty kept apart from the fee.

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Sample lawyer invoice

DescriptionHSN/SACQtyRate (₹)Taxable (₹)GST
Drafting and filing of commercial suit, Suit No. 214 of 20269982121 OTH75,000.0075,000.000%
Appearance before the High Court, effective hearings9982123 OTH25,000.0075,000.000%
Legal opinion on trademark licensing agreement9982131 OTH40,000.0040,000.000%
Representation in arbitration proceedings, two sittings9982152 OTH30,000.0060,000.000%
Taxable value₹2,50,000.00
GST (CGST + SGST, or IGST if inter-state)₹0.00
Invoice total₹2,50,000.00

Sample prices are illustrative. Check the GST rate for your exact item or service before billing.

Extra fields a lawyer invoice needs

Bar Council enrolment number
The enrolment number shows the bill is from an advocate, which is the basis for the reverse-charge treatment. Clients' accounts teams use it to justify why no GST was charged by the supplier.
Matter name and case number
Corporate clients run many matters at once. Quoting the suit, petition or arbitration number on each line lets the legal department allocate the cost and approve the bill against the right file.
Court, tribunal or forum
Fees vary by forum. Naming the High Court bench, NCLT, consumer commission or arbitral tribunal explains appearance charges and helps the client check them against the fee schedule it agreed.
Hearing or appearance dates
Appearance fees are usually charged per effective hearing. Listing the dates lets the client match them with the cause list and avoids disputes over adjourned or non-effective hearings.
Reverse-charge declaration
A line stating that GST is payable by the recipient under reverse charge is mandatory on the face of the invoice when the tax is to be paid by the recipient, and it tells the client to self-assess and pay the tax.
Court fee and stamp duty paid
Court fees, process fees and stamp paper bought for the client are statutory amounts. Showing them separately with receipts keeps them out of the professional fee.

Standard GST invoice fields

Rule 46 of the CGST Rules applies to every tax invoice, including this one:

  • Supplier name, address and GSTIN
  • Consecutive invoice number (max 16 characters, unique for the year)
  • Date of issue
  • Customer name, address and GSTIN (if registered)
  • Place of supply with state name
  • HSN/SAC code per item
  • Description, quantity and unit
  • Taxable value after discounts
  • GST rate and CGST + SGST or IGST amounts
  • Signature or digital signature

Read more: Reverse Charge Mechanism Under GST: When the Buyer Pays the Tax · Billing for Service Businesses: Models, GST and Best Practice · What Is a SAC Code and How Is It Used Under GST?

GST rules that matter for a lawyer

Reverse charge on advocates' services

The reverse-charge notification lists legal services by an individual advocate, including a senior advocate, or by a firm of advocates, supplied to a business entity located in the taxable territory. In that case the recipient business pays GST at 18% on the fee and claims it back as credit if eligible. The advocate's invoice therefore shows the fee with the tax column at nil and a statement that tax is payable on reverse charge. The sample lines above show 0 in the GST column for exactly this reason: the 18% is paid by the client, not collected by the advocate.

Exemption for small and personal clients

Legal services supplied by an advocate to a person other than a business entity, or to a business entity with turnover up to the registration limit in the preceding financial year, are exempt under the services exemption notification. Most individual clients, a tenant in a rent case or a family in a property partition, therefore pay no GST at all. Bill these as exempt and keep a record of the client type, because exemption depends on the recipient, not on the type of case.

Does an advocate need to register?

An advocate whose only supplies are legal services taxed under reverse charge or exempt is not required to register, because the law excludes from registration persons making only supplies on which the recipient pays tax. Advocates who also earn from other taxable activity, such as teaching law for a coaching institute or renting property, may cross the threshold through that income and then need registration.

Law firms structured as LLPs

A firm of advocates organised as an LLP still falls under the reverse-charge entry for business clients. Lawyers who are not advocates, such as in-house style legal consultancies run by non-enrolled persons, cannot rely on the entry and must charge 18% forward like any consultant.

Common billing mistakes

  • Charging 18% GST on the invoice to a company client and also leaving the company to pay it under reverse charge, so the same tax is paid twice.
  • Omitting the reverse-charge statement, which leaves the client's accounts team unsure whether to self-assess the tax.
  • Mixing court fees and stamp duty into the professional fee total, inflating the base on which the client calculates reverse-charge GST.
  • Billing a lump sum for a quarter without matter numbers, so a corporate legal department cannot allocate or approve the cost.

Lawyer GST invoice: FAQ

Do lawyers charge GST on their fees?

Individual advocates and firms of advocates normally do not collect GST. For business clients the client pays 18% under reverse charge; for individuals and small businesses below the registration limit the service is exempt.

Which SAC code should a lawyer use?

Use 998211 for criminal law matters, 998212 for other fields of law, 998213 for IP documentation, 998214 for other legal documentation, 998215 for arbitration and conciliation and 998216 for other legal services.

Is a senior advocate treated differently?

Since the 2019 amendment, services of senior advocates to business entities also fall under reverse charge, the same as other advocates, so the recipient pays the tax.

What should a company do with an advocate's invoice?

It should pay GST at 18% on the fee in cash under reverse charge, report it in GSTR-3B, issue a self-invoice if the advocate is unregistered, and then claim input tax credit if the service relates to its business.

Sources: PIB — Recommendations of the 56th GST Council (Annexure III, services rate changes) · GSTN — Official HSN/SAC master list (SAC_MSTR sheet)

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